bash - en to unknown language translation catalogue (5 entries)

en: Evaluate conditional expression.
        
        Exits with a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on
        the evaluation of EXPR.  Expressions may be unary or binary.  Unary
        expressions are often used to examine the status of a file.  There
        are string operators and numeric comparison operators as well.
        
        The behavior of test depends on the number of arguments.  Read the
        bash manual page for the complete specification.
        
        File operators:
        
          -a FILE        True if file exists.
          -b FILE        True if file is block special.
          -c FILE        True if file is character special.
          -d FILE        True if file is a directory.
          -e FILE        True if file exists.
          -f FILE        True if file exists and is a regular file.
          -g FILE        True if file is set-group-id.
          -h FILE        True if file is a symbolic link.
          -L FILE        True if file is a symbolic link.
          -k FILE        True if file has its `sticky' bit set.
          -p FILE        True if file is a named pipe.
          -r FILE        True if file is readable by you.
          -s FILE        True if file exists and is not empty.
          -S FILE        True if file is a socket.
          -t FD          True if FD is opened on a terminal.
          -u FILE        True if the file is set-user-id.
          -w FILE        True if the file is writable by you.
          -x FILE        True if the file is executable by you.
          -O FILE        True if the file is effectively owned by you.
          -G FILE        True if the file is effectively owned by your group.
          -N FILE        True if the file has been modified since it was last read.
        
          FILE1 -nt FILE2  True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to
                           modification date).
        
          FILE1 -ot FILE2  True if file1 is older than file2.
        
          FILE1 -ef FILE2  True if file1 is a hard link to file2.
        
        String operators:
        
          -z STRING      True if string is empty.
        
          -n STRING
             STRING      True if string is not empty.
        
          STRING1 = STRING2
                         True if the strings are equal.
          STRING1 != STRING2
                         True if the strings are not equal.
          STRING1 < STRING2
                         True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.
          STRING1 > STRING2
                         True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.
        
        Other operators:
        
          -o OPTION      True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.
          -v VAR	 True if the shell variable VAR is set
          ! EXPR         True if expr is false.
          EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.
          EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.
        
          arg1 OP arg2   Arithmetic tests.  OP is one of -eq, -ne,
                         -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge.
        
        Arithmetic binary operators return true if ARG1 is equal, not-equal,
        less-than, less-than-or-equal, greater-than, or greater-than-or-equal
        than ARG2.
        
        Exit Status:
        Returns success if EXPR evaluates to true; fails if EXPR evaluates to
        false or an invalid argument is given.
target: Evaluate conditional expression.
        
        Exits with a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on
        the evaluation of EXPR.  Expressions may be unary or binary.  Unary
        expressions are often used to examine the status of a file.  There
        are string operators and numeric comparison operators as well.
        
        The behaviour of test depends on the number of arguments.  Read the
        bash manual page for the complete specification.
        
        File operators:
        
          -a FILE        True if file exists.
          -b FILE        True if file is block special.
          -c FILE        True if file is character special.
          -d FILE        True if file is a directory.
          -e FILE        True if file exists.
          -f FILE        True if file exists and is a regular file.
          -g FILE        True if file is set-group-id.
          -h FILE        True if file is a symbolic link.
          -L FILE        True if file is a symbolic link.
          -k FILE        True if file has its `sticky' bit set.
          -p FILE        True if file is a named pipe.
          -r FILE        True if file is readable by you.
          -s FILE        True if file exists and is not empty.
          -S FILE        True if file is a socket.
          -t FD          True if FD is opened on a terminal.
          -u FILE        True if the file is set-user-id.
          -w FILE        True if the file is writable by you.
          -x FILE        True if the file is executable by you.
          -O FILE        True if the file is effectively owned by you.
          -G FILE        True if the file is effectively owned by your group.
          -N FILE        True if the file has been modified since it was last read.
        
          FILE1 -nt FILE2  True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to
                           modification date).
        
          FILE1 -ot FILE2  True if file1 is older than file2.
        
          FILE1 -ef FILE2  True if file1 is a hard link to file2.
        
        String operators:
        
          -z STRING      True if string is empty.
        
          -n STRING
             STRING      True if string is not empty.
        
          STRING1 = STRING2
                         True if the strings are equal.
          STRING1 != STRING2
                         True if the strings are not equal.
          STRING1 < STRING2
                         True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically.
          STRING1 > STRING2
                         True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically.
        
        Other operators:
        
          -o OPTION      True if the shell option OPTION is enabled.
          -v VAR	 True if the shell variable VAR is set
          ! EXPR         True if expr is false.
          EXPR1 -a EXPR2 True if both expr1 AND expr2 are true.
          EXPR1 -o EXPR2 True if either expr1 OR expr2 is true.
        
          arg1 OP arg2   Arithmetic tests.  OP is one of -eq, -ne,
                         -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge.
        
        Arithmetic binary operators return true if ARG1 is equal, not-equal,
        less-than, less-than-or-equal, greater-than, or greater-than-or-equal
        than ARG2.
        
        Exit Status:
        Returns success if EXPR evaluates to true; fails if EXPR evaluates to
        false or an invalid argument is given.

en: Parse option arguments.
        
        Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters
        as options.
        
        OPTSTRING contains the option letters to be recognized; if a letter
        is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument,
        which should be separated from it by white space.
        
        Each time it is invoked, getopts will place the next option in the
        shell variable $name, initializing name if it does not exist, and
        the index of the next argument to be processed into the shell
        variable OPTIND.  OPTIND is initialized to 1 each time the shell or
        a shell script is invoked.  When an option requires an argument,
        getopts places that argument into the shell variable OPTARG.
        
        getopts reports errors in one of two ways.  If the first character
        of OPTSTRING is a colon, getopts uses silent error reporting.  In
        this mode, no error messages are printed.  If an invalid option is
        seen, getopts places the option character found into OPTARG.  If a
        required argument is not found, getopts places a ':' into NAME and
        sets OPTARG to the option character found.  If getopts is not in
        silent mode, and an invalid option is seen, getopts places '?' into
        NAME and unsets OPTARG.  If a required argument is not found, a '?'
        is placed in NAME, OPTARG is unset, and a diagnostic message is
        printed.
        
        If the shell variable OPTERR has the value 0, getopts disables the
        printing of error messages, even if the first character of
        OPTSTRING is not a colon.  OPTERR has the value 1 by default.
        
        Getopts normally parses the positional parameters ($0 - $9), but if
        more arguments are given, they are parsed instead.
        
        Exit Status:
        Returns success if an option is found; fails if the end of options is
        encountered or an error occurs.
target: Parse option arguments.
        
        Getopts is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters
        as options.
        
        OPTSTRING contains the option letters to be recognised; if a letter
        is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have an argument,
        which should be separated from it by white space.
        
        Each time it is invoked, getopts will place the next option in the
        shell variable $name, initializing name if it does not exist, and
        the index of the next argument to be processed into the shell
        variable OPTIND.  OPTIND is initialized to 1 each time the shell or
        a shell script is invoked.  When an option requires an argument,
        getopts places that argument into the shell variable OPTARG.
        
        getopts reports errors in one of two ways.  If the first character
        of OPTSTRING is a colon, getopts uses silent error reporting.  In
        this mode, no error messages are printed.  If an invalid option is
        seen, getopts places the option character found into OPTARG.  If a
        required argument is not found, getopts places a ':' into NAME and
        sets OPTARG to the option character found.  If getopts is not in
        silent mode, and an invalid option is seen, getopts places '?' into
        NAME and unsets OPTARG.  If a required argument is not found, a '?'
        is placed in NAME, OPTARG is unset, and a diagnostic message is
        printed.
        
        If the shell variable OPTERR has the value 0, getopts disables the
        printing of error messages, even if the first character of
        OPTSTRING is not a colon.  OPTERR has the value 1 by default.
        
        Getopts normally parses the positional parameters ($0 - $9), but if
        more arguments are given, they are parsed instead.
        
        Exit Status:
        Returns success if an option is found; fails if the end of options is
        encountered or an error occurs.

en: Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.
        
        Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD
        if the -u option is supplied.  The line is split into fields as with word
        splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second
        word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to
        the last NAME.  Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word
        delimiters.
        
        If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.
        
        Options:
          -a array	assign the words read to sequential indices of the array
        		variable ARRAY, starting at zero
          -d delim	continue until the first character of DELIM is read, rather
        		than newline
          -e		use Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell
          -i text	Use TEXT as the initial text for Readline
          -n nchars	return after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting
        		for a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS
        		characters are read before the delimiter
          -N nchars	return only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless
        		EOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter
          -p prompt	output the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before
        		attempting to read
          -r		do not allow backslashes to escape any characters
          -s		do not echo input coming from a terminal
          -t timeout	time out and return failure if a complete line of input is
        		not read withint TIMEOUT seconds.  The value of the TMOUT
        		variable is the default timeout.  TIMEOUT may be a
        		fractional number.  If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns success only
        		if input is available on the specified file descriptor.  The
        		exit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded
          -u fd		read from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input
        
        Exit Status:
        The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out,
        or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u.
target: Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.
        
        Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD
        if the -u option is supplied.  The line is split into fields as with word
        splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second
        word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to
        the last NAME.  Only the characters found in $IFS are recognised as word
        delimiters.
        
        If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.
        
        Options:
          -a array	assign the words read to sequential indices of the array
        		variable ARRAY, starting at zero
          -d delim	continue until the first character of DELIM is read, rather
        		than newline
          -e		use Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell
          -i text	Use TEXT as the initial text for Readline
          -n nchars	return after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting
        		for a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than NCHARS
        		characters are read before the delimiter
          -N nchars	return only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless
        		EOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any delimiter
          -p prompt	output the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before
        		attempting to read
          -r		do not allow backslashes to escape any characters
          -s		do not echo input coming from a terminal
          -t timeout	time out and return failure if a complete line of input is
        		not read withint TIMEOUT seconds.  The value of the TMOUT
        		variable is the default timeout.  TIMEOUT may be a
        		fractional number.  If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns success only
        		if input is available on the specified file descriptor.  The
        		exit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded
          -u fd		read from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input
        
        Exit Status:
        The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out,
        or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u.

en: Set or unset values of shell options and positional parameters.
        
        Change the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or
        display the names and values of shell variables.
        
        Options:
          -a  Mark variables which are modified or created for export.
          -b  Notify of job termination immediately.
          -e  Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
          -f  Disable file name generation (globbing).
          -h  Remember the location of commands as they are looked up.
          -k  All assignment arguments are placed in the environment for a
              command, not just those that precede the command name.
          -m  Job control is enabled.
          -n  Read commands but do not execute them.
          -o option-name
              Set the variable corresponding to option-name:
                  allexport    same as -a
                  braceexpand  same as -B
                  emacs        use an emacs-style line editing interface
                  errexit      same as -e
                  errtrace     same as -E
                  functrace    same as -T
                  hashall      same as -h
                  histexpand   same as -H
                  history      enable command history
                  ignoreeof    the shell will not exit upon reading EOF
                  interactive-comments
                               allow comments to appear in interactive commands
                  keyword      same as -k
                  monitor      same as -m
                  noclobber    same as -C
                  noexec       same as -n
                  noglob       same as -f
                  nolog        currently accepted but ignored
                  notify       same as -b
                  nounset      same as -u
                  onecmd       same as -t
                  physical     same as -P
                  pipefail     the return value of a pipeline is the status of
                               the last command to exit with a non-zero status,
                               or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status
                  posix        change the behavior of bash where the default
                               operation differs from the Posix standard to
                               match the standard
                  privileged   same as -p
                  verbose      same as -v
                  vi           use a vi-style line editing interface
                  xtrace       same as -x
          -p  Turned on whenever the real and effective user ids do not match.
              Disables processing of the $ENV file and importing of shell
              functions.  Turning this option off causes the effective uid and
              gid to be set to the real uid and gid.
          -t  Exit after reading and executing one command.
          -u  Treat unset variables as an error when substituting.
          -v  Print shell input lines as they are read.
          -x  Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.
          -B  the shell will perform brace expansion
          -C  If set, disallow existing regular files to be overwritten
              by redirection of output.
          -E  If set, the ERR trap is inherited by shell functions.
          -H  Enable ! style history substitution.  This flag is on
              by default when the shell is interactive.
          -P  If set, do not follow symbolic links when executing commands
              such as cd which change the current directory.
          -T  If set, the DEBUG trap is inherited by shell functions.
          --  Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.
              If there are no remaining arguments, the positional parameters
              are unset.
          -   Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.
              The -x and -v options are turned off.
        
        Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off.  The
        flags can also be used upon invocation of the shell.  The current
        set of flags may be found in $-.  The remaining n ARGs are positional
        parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n.  If no
        ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed.
        
        Exit Status:
        Returns success unless an invalid option is given.
target: Set or unset values of shell options and positional parameters.
        
        Change the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or
        display the names and values of shell variables.
        
        Options:
          -a  Mark variables which are modified or created for export.
          -b  Notify of job termination immediately.
          -e  Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
          -f  Disable file name generation (globbing).
          -h  Remember the location of commands as they are looked up.
          -k  All assignment arguments are placed in the environment for a
              command, not just those that precede the command name.
          -m  Job control is enabled.
          -n  Read commands but do not execute them.
          -o option-name
              Set the variable corresponding to option-name:
                  allexport    same as -a
                  braceexpand  same as -B
                  emacs        use an emacs-style line editing interface
                  errexit      same as -e
                  errtrace     same as -E
                  functrace    same as -T
                  hashall      same as -h
                  histexpand   same as -H
                  history      enable command history
                  ignoreeof    the shell will not exit upon reading EOF
                  interactive-comments
                               allow comments to appear in interactive commands
                  keyword      same as -k
                  monitor      same as -m
                  noclobber    same as -C
                  noexec       same as -n
                  noglob       same as -f
                  nolog        currently accepted but ignored
                  notify       same as -b
                  nounset      same as -u
                  onecmd       same as -t
                  physical     same as -P
                  pipefail     the return value of a pipeline is the status of
                               the last command to exit with a non-zero status,
                               or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status
                  posix        change the behaviour of bash where the default
                               operation differs from the Posix standard to
                               match the standard
                  privileged   same as -p
                  verbose      same as -v
                  vi           use a vi-style line editing interface
                  xtrace       same as -x
          -p  Turned on whenever the real and effective user ids do not match.
              Disables processing of the $ENV file and importing of shell
              functions.  Turning this option off causes the effective uid and
              gid to be set to the real uid and gid.
          -t  Exit after reading and executing one command.
          -u  Treat unset variables as an error when substituting.
          -v  Print shell input lines as they are read.
          -x  Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.
          -B  the shell will perform brace expansion
          -C  If set, disallow existing regular files to be overwritten
              by redirection of output.
          -E  If set, the ERR trap is inherited by shell functions.
          -H  Enable ! style history substitution.  This flag is on
              by default when the shell is interactive.
          -P  If set, do not follow symbolic links when executing commands
              such as cd which change the current directory.
          -T  If set, the DEBUG trap is inherited by shell functions.
          --  Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.
              If there are no remaining arguments, the positional parameters
              are unset.
          -   Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.
              The -x and -v options are turned off.
        
        Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off.  The
        flags can also be used upon invocation of the shell.  The current
        set of flags may be found in $-.  The remaining n ARGs are positional
        parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n.  If no
        ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed.
        
        Exit Status:
        Returns success unless an invalid option is given.

en: Write arguments to the standard output.
        
        Display the ARGs on the standard output followed by a newline.
        
        Options:
          -n	do not append a newline
          -e	enable interpretation of the following backslash escapes
          -E	explicitly suppress interpretation of backslash escapes
        
        `echo' interprets the following backslash-escaped characters:
          \a	alert (bell)
          \b	backspace
          \c	suppress further output
          \e	escape character
          \f	form feed
          \n	new line
          \r	carriage return
          \t	horizontal tab
          \v	vertical tab
          \\	backslash
          \0nnn	the character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal).  NNN can be
        	0 to 3 octal digits
          \xHH	the eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal).  HH
        	can be one or two hex digits
        
        Exit Status:
        Returns success unless a write error occurs.
target: Write arguments to the standard output.
        
        Display the ARGs on the standard output followed by a newline.
        
        Options:
          -n	do not append a newline
          -e	enable interpretation of the following backslash escapes
          -E	explicitly suppress interpretation of backslash escapes
        
        `echo' interprets the following backslash-escaped characters:
          \a	alert (bell)
          \b	backspace
          \c	suppress further output
          \e	escape character
          \f	form feed
          \n	new line
          \r	carriage return
          \t	horizontal tab
          \v	vertical tab
          \[tab]backslash
          \0nnn	the character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal).  NNN can be
        	0 to 3 octal digits
          \xHH	the eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal).  HH
        	can be one or two hex digits
        
        Exit Status:
        Returns success unless a write error occurs.
